The classification of industrial furnaces can be mainly based on the characteristics of process, working temperature, thermal operation characteristics and working system. There are several kinds of kilns commonly used in industry: smelting furnace, melting furnace, heating furnace, petrochemical furnace, heat treatment furnace, sintering furnace, chemical work furnace, firing furnace, firing furnace, drying furnace (kiln), melting furnace (kiln), electric arc furnace, induction furnace (high temperature smelting), coke oven, incinerator and other industrial kilns.

Industrial kilns are divided into two types according to the way of heat supply: one is flame kiln (or fuel kiln), which uses the combustion heat of solid, liquid or gas fuel in the kiln to heat the workpiece; the second is electric kiln, which converts the electric energy into heat for heating.

Industrial kilns can be divided into two categories according to the thermal system: one is intermittent kiln, also known as periodic kiln, which is characterized by intermittent production of kiln, and the kiln temperature changes in each heating cycle, such as chamber kiln, trolley kiln, well kiln, etc.; the second is continuous kiln, which is characterized by continuous production of kiln and temperature division in the kiln. In the heating process, the temperature of each section is constant, and the workpiece gradually enters the high-temperature heating area from the low-temperature preheating area, such as continuous heating furnace, heat treatment furnace, ring furnace, walking furnace, vibrating bottom furnace, etc.

Gas industrial kilns industrial kilns are divided into two types according to the way of heat supply: one is flame kilns (or fuel kilns), which use the combustion heat of solid, liquid or gas fuel in the kilns to heat the workpieces; the second is electric kilns, which convert electric energy into heat for heating.

Structural advantages of industrial furnaces:

1. Using circular furnace instead of box furnace can strengthen the effect of uniform heat transfer of furnace to the workpiece, reduce the heat dissipation of furnace wall, and form a heat exchange system in the furnace, which can exchange heat among heating elements, furnace lining and workpiece. By adopting reasonable furnace space and without increasing the volume of furnace space, increasing the area of furnace inner wall, increasing the area of heat exchange, the heat exchange of furnace can be improved so as to improve the heat efficiency.

2. Fans are installed in the furnace to enhance convection and heat transfer. Especially for the small-scale heating furnace, the high-speed air flow can destroy the bottom layer of the gas boundary of the reaction furnace and block the heat transfer on the surface of the workpiece, thus shortening the heating time and accelerating the temperature rise of the workpiece.

3. The sealing of furnace body includes the sealing of all outgoing components, furnace shell, furnace door, etc. If the sealing of the furnace body is not strict, it will cause fire everywhere and leakage, resulting in a large amount of waste of energy, equipment burning, bad environment and other conditions. Therefore, the sealing of the furnace body directly affects the quality and energy consumption of the workpiece, and the sealing is also the key to the atmosphere control in the furnace. The emergence of refractory fiber products creates conditions for solving the problem of furnace sealing and realizes soft sealing.

4. The heating furnace with integral pouring of refractory castable has the advantages of high strength, integrity, good air tightness and long service life.

5. The new furnace materials are used to optimize the furnace lining structure. Under the premise of ensuring the structural strength and heat resistance of the furnace, the furnace lining should try to improve the heat preservation capacity and reduce the heat storage. Reducing the temperature of furnace wall by simply increasing the thickness of furnace lining will not only increase the heat storage and cost of furnace lining, but also correspondingly reduce the effective utilization rate of furnace bottom area. The refractory fiber and rock wool are selected as the insulation layer, and the light brick is used as the lining of the furnace body to reduce the heat storage loss of the furnace body, enhance the heat insulation of the furnace, and reduce the heat loss of the furnace wall.

6. High temperature and high radiation coating is applied on the inner wall of the furnace to strengthen the radiation heat transfer in the furnace, which is helpful for the full utilization of heat energy. The energy saving effect is 3% - 5%, which is an advanced energy saving method in the near future.

7. According to different working conditions, different burners are used. For example, the flame regulating burner, flat flame burner, high-speed nozzle, self preheating burner, low nitrogen oxide burner and the recently developed regenerative burner provide a variety of advanced burners to adapt to the use of gas and diesel oil. The correct use of efficient advanced burners can save more than 5% energy. The flat flame burner is most suitable for use on the heating furnace. The high-speed burner is suitable for all kinds of heat treatment furnaces and heating furnaces. The self preheating burner is a kind of combustion device which combines the burner, heat exchanger and smoke exhaust device, and is suitable for heating, melting, heat treatment and other industrial furnaces.

8. According to the type of fuel, it is also an effective energy-saving measure to select the energy-saving combustion device with good performance and the matching fan, oil pump, valve and thermal detection and automatic control system to ensure good combustion conditions and control and regulation functions.

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